How AI Agents Work: Models, Tools, Memory, and Guardrails

Wed, 29 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

An AI agent looks mysterious from the outside because it seems to move through a task by itself. Inside, the parts are understandable.

There is a model that can interpret the goal. There are tools that let it act. There is context that tells it what happened so far. There are rules that limit what it may do. There is often an orchestrator that decides which agent or tool handles which part. There should be logs, evaluations, and a way for a person to interrupt.

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How AI Agents Work: Models, Tools, Memory, and Guardrails